Thursday, June 21, 2012
Keep smiling
Labels:
Aasra,
Johnson Thomas,
Keep smiling,
suicide prevention
Neuroplasticity, Change the way you tthink
Neuroplasticity Changing our Belief about Change
A dangerous belief in our culture is that we can't change. We've all heard the disempowered statements: "He's just grumpy. He can't change that." or "I will always be anxious. It's the way I was born." While we most certainly have genetic predispositions, the brains of individuals' young and old can change in amazing ways.
Neuroplasticity is a fancy way of saying that our brains can change. We are not victims of our neurons or genes. We are empowered creators of our mental states. The erroneous belief that we are "set in stone" can stop people from trying to change and take away their responsibility. In the same way that germ theory altered the way we look at sanitation and hygiene, I think that spreading the knowledge about our brain's ability to change can alter the way our culture approaches emotions, attitudes, and values.
Our brains can change.
Our brains are made up of billions of neurons. Neurons connect to one another, forming pathways that relay information. We learn things by forming neural connections in response to associations in our everyday experiences1. In learning to drive a car, we experience the connection between red traffic lights and pressing the brake. We form a neural pathway for this association. Each time we brake at a red light, we reinforce and strengthen the neural pathway. As the saying goes, "Neurons that fire together, wire together." The more we practice something, the more we strengthen the pathway, and the easier the skill becomes. Our behavioral response can become almost automatic2. Our brain can also prune old neural pathways to quiet or unlearn associations3. For example, after you move to a different home, you learn the directions to your new place and stop practicing your old path. But in those first few weeks after a move, have you ever found yourself engrossed in another thought and accidentally pulling into the driveway of your old home because your automatic pathway took over? Luckily, by refraining from the old directions and practicing the new way home, you strengthen a new neural pathway and the old neural pathway weakens. It's a good thing our brains can change, or we would still be pulling up to our childhood home. Similar to physical skills like driving, the brain also forms neural pathways in learning and practicing emotional skills. Your emotional responses to experiences in your world are the result of well-worn neural pathways that developed over your lifetime. While our genes influence our temperament, research has demonstrated that our environment and our own mind can physically alter our brains and thus our emotional responses. This means that emotions that we want more of in our life and our world, like happiness, patience, tolerance, compassion, and kindness, can be practiced and learned as skills. Other emotions, like anxiety, stress, fear, or anger, can be dampened3.
Keeping in the car motif, let's talk about an emotional association: traffic and anger. When we get stuck in traffic, an automatic response can be anger or frustration. But, by feeling angry every time we are in traffic, we are strengthening that neural pathway and cementing that emotional response. When there is nothing we can do in that moment but accept the traffic, wouldn't it be great to feel positive emotions instead? We can just observe the negative emotion that we are feeling and try practicing a different emotional response. We can start linking traffic with stillness and peace. This would be difficult at first because we want to let the well-developed neural pathway leading to anger fire, but by inhibiting that pathway, we help unwire those connections and strengthen a different response. As we practice responding with peace, we strengthen a new neural pathway and it becomes easier to choose.
Using neuroimaging, researchers have demonstrated significant success in reducing anxiety, depression, phobia, and stress with cognitive-behavioral therapy or interpersonal psychotherapy. By learning different strategies to recognize negative thoughts and emotions and practice alternative responses over time, neural pathways in the brain are physically altered4. Science has only recently recognized the value of investing in research on behaviors that promote well-being, including compassion and happiness. By comparing the brains of experts and novices in compassion meditation, neuroscientists illustrated changes in the brain region responsible for empathy during and after meditation5. Researchers are just beginning to examine the effect of training novices in skills to increase compassion. While interventions have demonstrated positive impacts on emotional states6,7 and prosocial behaviors7,8, we look to future studies to determine alterations in the structure and function of the brain in novices who undergo contemplative and emotional training. Let's learn and practice compassion, kindness, and happiness. Knowing that our brains can change, we then ask, what do we want in our brains? And as a result, what do we want in our world? Most people of good will yearn for happiness, compassion, and love. Let's start practicing. Gratitude reflections, compassion priming, and meditation interventions are some strategies found to enhance well-being and increase prosocial behavior. Several studies have shown the positive impact of gratitude journals, which involve self-guided listing of what you are thankful for. Individuals who kept a daily gratitude journal reported higher levels of positive emotions, including feeling attentive, determined, energetic, enthusiastic, excited, interested, joyful, and strong, compared to individuals who kept a journal on daily hassles or ways in which one was better off than others (downward social comparison). In addition, individuals who maintained daily gratitude journals were more likely to offer emotional support to others and help someone with a problem7. Contemplative interventions, born from the collaboration of meditation traditions and emotion science, have centered on developing mindfulness to enhance compassion and happiness in the lives of individuals. One recent study provided an 8-week training program in secular meditation to female schoolteachers and measured their responses to stress, conflict, and compassion. The intervention significantly reduced rumination, depression, and anxiety while increasing mindfulness, empathy, compassion, and stabilizing hostility and contempt compared to a control group6. In my experience, learning about the concept of neuroplasticity and finding the skills to change my emotional responses has immensely improved my life. Before grasping this, I thought my mind was a black box. I didn't understand why I felt certain things beyond the immediate external circumstances. I had no idea how to change things. I scoffed at seeing a therapist because I couldn't imagine what they would help me with. I had no idea what I would even say to a therapist. Luckily, the good ones can help you understand your mind and the process of change. You don't even have to know where to start; the decision to change is enough. The practice of meditation gave me the set of skills to guide my own transformation. It has been the most life altering skill that I have gained. I shifted from thinking that my emotion and thoughts owned me to feeling like I could play a role in changing my state. This is challenging work and takes patient practice, but as I am experiencing the fruits of these skills, peaceful relationships, a joyful outlook on life, and a safe harbor within myself during difficult times, I am determined to work even harder.
Neuroscience, positive psychology, and contemplative traditions have given us a roadmap. We know our brains can change based on our environment and our behaviors. What if we started building and reinforcing the neural pathways of love, cooperation, forgiveness, and kindness so that these things became our automatic response? What if we adopted and shared this belief that we can change and took responsibility for our outlook on life? What if we taught children in schools about their ability to reflect on and guide their emotions? What if we started priming those around us in our families and community with our own grateful reflections and kind actions? What if our compassionate actions in schools, families, and communities started shifting our culture? I find these possibilities exhilarating and hopeful. By learning and practicing these positive emotional responses, I think our world can discover a new way home and pull into the driveway of compassion.
Develop a Positive attitude
Monday, June 18, 2012
Friday, June 01, 2012
This too shall pass
Labels:
Aasra,
Johnson Thomas,
suicide prevention,
This too shall pass
More couples in 20s and 30s call it quits
Fri May 25, 2012 1:14 am (PDT)
More couples in 20s and 30s call it quits ....Madhavi Rajadhyaksha Vanishing Stigma Spurs Trend: Counsellors The average age of couples seeking divorce appears to be dropping from 40s and 50s a decade ago to late 20s and early 30s today, say marriage counsellors. The fact that divorce no longer carries a stigma in cities such as Mumbai facilitates the decision of unhappy young couples, say social observers. Flipping through his list of clients, marriage counsellor Sunjoy Mukherji, who practises in Borivli, says nearly 65% of those considering separation or divorce are in the 28 to 32 age group. Often, they have been married for less than a year-some as short as a fortnight-before they consider separating. Formal divorce, though, may take much longer as the law, till now, required a period of separation from six months to 18 months, and actual disposal, longer. There were, after all, 6,908 divorce petitions pending with the family court as of December 31, 2011. "Couples who acknowledge a problematic relationship often want to separate while they have age on their side. Also, since the stigma associated with divorce has reduced, youngsters are less afraid to part ways," says Mukherji. Sociologists also point out that money and independence, factors that shape an individual's decision-making ability, come much earlier today. Counsellors say changing parental attitude, too, helps. "Today, even a girl's parents are very supportive of divorce," says clinical psychologist Seema Hingorany. The presence of parents with their troubled daughters at counsellors' clinics is one of the biggest signs of this change. S Parasuraman, director at the Tata Institute of Social Sciences, concurs and says that youngsters who have a good network often find it easier to transcend from one status to another. Hingorany says it is a telling sign of a generation in a hurry. "Most youngsters live by the belief that life is short. Many are not even willing to go through the counselling marital protocol." Counsellors cite rising expectations, incompatibility, extra-marital affairs, overseas opportunities and clashes over in-laws as major reasons. MUTUAL DIVORCE IN THE CITY * Section 13B of the Hindu Marriage Act, 1955, and Section 28 of the Special Marriage Act, 1954, provide for divorce by mutual consent * Legislation allows either party to withdraw their divorce by mutual consent application within six to 18 months of its filing * The Cabinet last week approved the Marriage Laws (Amendment) Bill, 2010, to further amend the Hindu Marriage Act and the Special Marriage Act * It gives individual judges the right to waive or decide the waiting period if both the husband and wife agree URL: http://epaper.timesofindia.com/Default/Scripting/ArticleWin.asp?From=Archive&Source=Page&Skin=TOINEW&BaseHref=TOIM/2012/05/24&PageLabel=7&EntityId=Ar00701&ViewMode=HTML Working women end marriages that don't work....Madhavi Rajadhyaksha Mumbai: "Urban Indian society is showing a welcome maturity towards understanding relationships," says TISS director S Parasuraman. "Such maturity usually comes with education and employment and the independence that both bring," he says. It is the practicality of the legal process that could be driving the trend, says Rajan Bhonsale, marriage counsellor and KEM hospital's head of sexual medicine department. "Mutual consent divorces take place faster and couples are beginning to realize the futility of contesting a divorce if their relationship isn't going to work out anyway." Youngsters today are quick to take decisions and are not bound by tradition to stay in a marriage, he says. Counsellors point out that women who have inde- pendent careers and are professionally successful may be less dependent on the financial support of their partners, which could also contribute to such mutual decisions. The Union cabinet further facilitated the process by approving changes to the Marriage Act and allowing waiver of the waiting period required for divorce under mutual consent, if both the husband and wife wish so. The law till now mandated a six-month cooling period for couples before divorce could be granted. Some women activists, though, fear that quicker divorces may work against women, particularly if it involves custody of children. Marriage counsellor Sunjoy Mukerji says that the increasing availability of marriage counsellors today may be a contributing factor in mitigating the bitterness of relationships gone sour. Mutual divorce, he says, is all about two parties negotiating to reach a consensus. Take the experience of Radhika Pant and Girish Shirodkar, both MBA professionals in their late 20s who were dating since college. They knew each other for over a decade but called off their marriage mutually a year after tying the knot. Radhika, who got a year-long overseas work opportunity, returned from her stint only to discover that she wanted more out of life. As she has great affection and respect for him, she sat through prolonged couple counselling, till they both reached a stage of acceptance. They filed for a mutual divorce last year. (Names of the couple have been changed on request) URL: http://epaper.timesofindia.com/Default/Scripting/ArticleWin.asp?From=Archive&Source=Page&Skin=TOINEW&BaseHref=TOIM/2012/05/24&PageLabel=7&EntityId=Ar00103&DataChunk=Ar00703&ViewMode=HTML
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